Bismuth(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate, 99%

General References:

1. Mild Lewis acid catalyst for high-yield acylation of alcohols: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 39, 2877 (2000), and Friedel-Crafts acylation of aromatics, effective at 5-10 mol%: Tetrahedron Lett., 38, 8871 (1997); Eur. J. Org. Chem., 2743 (1998). For use in the Claisen rearrangement of allyl ethers and the Fries rearrangement of phenyl esters, see: Synth. Commun., 34, 1433 (2004); Synlett, 2794 (2004); Tetrahedron Lett., 47, 4051 (2006). Aromatic sulfonylation can also be effected with sulfonyl chlorides: J. Org. Chem., 64, 6479 (1999). At 0.1-0.5 mol%, catalyzes the acylation of primary and secondary alcohols with anhydrides in high yield under mild conditions: J. Org. Chem., 66, 8926 (2001); see also Synthesis, 2091 (2001). For a review of acylation and sulfonylation reactions, see: Synlett, 181 (2002).
2. Promotes the rearrangement of aryl-substituted epoxides to aldehydes and ketones: Tetrahedron Lett., 42, 8129 (2001). Catalyzes the deprotection of acetals and ketals under mild conditions: J. Org. Chem., 67, 127 (2002), and also the rapid cleavage of thioacetals: Tetrahedron Lett., 44, 2857 (2003). Catalyzes the allylation of aldehydes with Allyl tri-n-butyl tin, L14087, to give homoallylic alcohols: Synlett, 1694 (2002); J. Org. Chem., 70, 2091 (2005), and of acetals with Allyl trimethyl silane, A14662, providing a mild and efficient route to homoallyl ethers: Tetrahedron Lett., 43, 4597 (2002).
3. Catalyzes the Michael-type addition of a variety of primary and secondary aliphatic amines to ɑ,ß-unsaturated compounds (acrylates, etc.) to give the saturated amino derivatives: Synlett, 720 (2003).
4. The Ritter reaction of various nitriles with tert-alcohols to give tert-alkyl amides has been accomplished in high yield in the presence if a cataytic acmount of Bi(OTf)₃: Tetrahedron Lett., 47, 8699 (2006).